CUBA 2.0 • DOLLARIZATION POLICY

Dollarization Policy and Strategy

Retirement of the Cuban peso. Ninety-day collection window. Operating reserve.

Decision date 6 October 2026. Conversion rate locked at 700 CUP per 1 USD.

Locked rate
700
CUP = 1 USD

Informal street rate on 5 October 2026: 780.

01 / 07 · DECISION

Decision

The peso is retired. The dollar is the unit of account, the means of payment, and the reserve asset. The program buys every peso claim at a single published rate and stops accepting the peso on a published morning.

The rate is 700 Cuban pesos per 1 United States dollar. It applies to notes and to peso deposits. It does not apply to MLC balances, which are already dollar claims and are reserved separately. On 5 October 2026 the informal street rate was 780. The locked rate pays the holder about 11 percent more dollars than that quote.

Wages will be paid in USD at the 700 rate.

700 CUP/USD

Conversion rate locked. Decision date 6 October 2026.

90 days

Purchase window and goods window open the same morning and close on day 90.

$5.7B

Appropriation lock. Envelope $4.9–5.7 billion.

USD

Wages will be paid in USD at the 700 rate.

02 / 07 · STOCK

What is bought

The stock is the end-2024 monetary figure. Notes in the hands of the public were 336.7 billion CUP, equal to 72.6 percent of national liquidity. Implied peso liquidity is about 464 billion CUP. A later print raises this bill in proportion. It does not change the rate.

StockCUP billionUSD at 700
Notes in circulation336.7$481 million
All peso liquidity464$663 million
Policy: buy all CUP464$663 million

Notes are paid in physical dollars. Deposits become dollar balances on the books of the banks. The deposit conversion does not require a note. The note conversion does.

MLC is not peso. It is a dollar claim the banks cannot currently pay. It is reserved at $400–800 million and is not run through the 700 rate.

03 / 07 · RESERVE

Cash and reserve

Retiring the peso is the small number. Holding a dollarized payments system is the large one. Cuba settles in notes. A dollarized Cuba that still settles in notes needs a float larger than the converted peso stock. Dollars already held in households and private shops are not bought by the program. They stay where they are.

UseUSD
Buy all CUP at 700$663 million
MLC claims, reserved$400–800 million
Physical notes to import$1.5–1.9 billion
Three months of merchandise imports$2.2 billion
To dollarize and hold it$4.8–5.6 billion
$5.5B

The number to appropriate, at the top of the range.

~$2B

Of that, about $2 billion is physical cash. The rest is reserve.

The number to appropriate is $5.5 billion at the top of the range. Of that, about $2 billion is physical cash. The rest is reserve.

04 / 07 · STRATEGY

Ninety-day strategy

The purchase window and the goods window open on the same morning and close on day 90. The goods window exists to pull notes out of mattresses before the close, and to put food, milk, and household goods in front of the population at a known price.

The program imports the goods and sells them for pesos only, at the discount below, converted at 700. The pesos received are retired at 700. A dollar till next to the subsidized shelf is prohibited. There is no purchase cap on any line.

4.1 Subsidy schedule

Discounts are on the landed import cost. Milk is outside the food basket so it is not discounted twice. No line has a quantity limit.

LineDiscountPlanning loadSubsidy
Basic food, excluding milk25%$375 million$94 million
Milk20%$30 million$6 million
Clothing20%$23 million$5 million
Computers25%$20 million$5 million
Televisions20%$16 million$3 million
Phones under $50020%$20 million$4 million
Water tanks, 250 L to 5,000 L20%$64 million$13 million
Scooters, 49–150 cc, 4-stroke15%$36 million$5 million
Window total$584 million$135 million

The $584 million is the import bill. The $135 million is the part not recovered. The recovered portion, taken in at 700, retires on the order of 310 billion CUP, about two-thirds of the end-2024 liquidity stock.

4.2 Rules

05 / 07 · SEQUENCE

Sequence

  1. Publish the rate, the price list, and the closing morning.
  2. Open the goods window and the cash window on the same day. Notes across the counter. Deposits converted on the books.
  3. Import the note float in advance of the opening, sized to the planning load plus bank tills.
  4. Day 91: goods window closes. Peso is no longer accepted. Remaining peso claims are bought at 700 until the stock is exhausted, then the peso is demonetized.
  5. Wages will be paid in USD at the 700 rate.
06 / 07 · LIMITS

What this policy does not do

07 / 07 · APPROPRIATION

Appropriation

ItemUSD
Peso retirement at 700$663 million
MLC reserve$400–800 million
Note import and three-month import reserve$3.7–4.1 billion
Ninety-day subsidy, unrecovered$135 million
Envelope$4.9–5.7 billion

Lock $5.7 billion. The subsidy is inside the envelope, not on top of a second request. Physical cash inside the envelope is about $2 billion.

WATCH

Dollarization in 30 seconds.

Part of the CUBA 2.0 program

Dollarization gives the ~250 billion USD CUBA 2.0 program a single unit of account from day one. Read the full program and its two phases.

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